The surname is a toponymic one, and refers to those who originally belonged to the village of Kotadiya, in Jamnagar district of Gujarat. For which there is a provision of 15% reservation. This surname is most frequent in India, where it is borne by 4,561 people, or 1 in 168,179. They dislike divorce, but it is allowed in certain cases such as not being able to have children. Systematic study of small caste divisions in villages as well as in towns still awaits the attention of sociologists and anthropologists. The lowest stratum in all the three divisions had to face the problem of scarcity of brides. As for the size of other castes, I shall make mainly relative statements. Dowry not only continues to be a symbol of status in the new hierarchy but is gradually replacing bride price wherever it existed, and dowry amounts are now reaching astronomical heights. They adopted Rajput customs and traditions, claimed Rajput status, and gave daughters in marriage to Rajputs in the lower rungs of Rajput hierarchy. Most inter-divisional marriages take place between boys and girls belonging to the lowest order in the structure of divisions. The Scheduled Tribes (ST) population in Gujarat state in 2011 is 8917174 which is 14.75% of the total population. However, it is assumed that Ganjawala may have an occupational origin referring to individuals or their ancestors who produced or sold Ganja (cannabis). Most of the other eighty or so second-order divisions among Brahmans, however, seem to be subdivided the way the Vania second-order divisions were subdivided into third-order and fourth-order divisions. While some of the divisions of a lower order might be the result of fission, some others might be a result of fusion. Since the beginning of the modern reform movement to encourage inter-caste marriages-most of which are in fact inter-tad or inter-ekda marriagesthe old process of fission into ekdas and tads has come to a halt, and it is, therefore, difficult to understand this process without making a systematic historical enquiry. Valand Nayi and Barbar (Hindu) Hajam (Hindu and Muslim) Khalipha (Muslim). Approximately 6,809 people bear this surname. Usually, these divisions were distinguished from one another by prohibition of what people called roti vyavahar (bread, i.e., food transactions) as well as beti vyavahar (daughter, i.e., marital transactions). I will not discuss the present situation in detail but indicate briefly how the above discussion could be useful for understanding a few important changes in modern times. This last name is the 72,411th most commonly used last name in the world. The essential idea in the category was power, and anybody who wielded powereither as king or as dominant group in a rural (even tribal) areacould claim to be Rajput. You can also download the caste list in PDF. Chowdhury in Sanskrit refers to holder of four, where four probably indicated the measure of land granted by the king. and 24 female children between the age 0-6 years. They are described by the ruling elite as robbers, dacoits, marauders, predators and the like. While the Rajputs, Leva Patidars, Anavils and Khedawals have been notorious for high dowries, and the Kolis have been looked down upon for their practice of bride price, the Vanias have been paying neither. Gujarat Government has classified the castes as follows for giving reservation - ST = Scheduled Tribes ( ) SC = Scheduled Castes ( ) SEBC = Socially and Educationally Backward Classes EWS = Economically Weaker Sections (Economically weaker section, who is poor in general category / general caste, is kept in EWS). AHMEDABAD: In a society where it is common for people to begin a conversation with "tame keva", a colloquial expression to know the other person's caste, several Dalits in Gujarat have decided to promote equality by replacing their surnames with their mothers' names to stop caste identification. Khatris have councils who judge on marriage, divorce and property issues. James Campbell (1901: xii), the compiler of gazetteers for the former Bombay presidency comprising several linguistic regions, wrote about Gujarat: In no part of India are the subdivisions so minute, one of them, the Rayakval Vanias, numbering only 47 persons in 1891. The hierarchy, however, was very gradual and lacked sharpness. The associations activities in the field of marriage, such as reform to customs, rituals and ceremonies, and encouragement of inter-divisional marriages, are also seen by the members as a service to the nationas the castes method of creating a casteless modern society. x[? -E$nvU 4V6_}\]}/yOu__}ww7oz[_z~?=|nNT=|qq{\//]/Ft>_tV}gjjn#TfOus_?~>/GbKc.>^\eu{[GE_>'x?M5i16|B;=}-)$G&w5uvb~o:3r3v GL3or}|Y~?3s_hO?qWWpn|1>9WS3^:wTU3bN{tz;T_}so/R95iLc_6Oo_'W7y; are males and The village was a small community divided into a relatively small number of castes; the population of each caste was also small, sometimes only one or two households, with little possibility of existence of subdivisions; and there were intensive relationships of various kinds between the castes. As per the Population Census 2011, The main reason was that Anavils did not practise priesthood as a traditional occupation, nor were they involved in traditional Sanskrit learning. In these divisions an increasing number of marriages are taking place against the grain of traditional hierarchy, i.e., girls of traditionally higher strata marry boys of traditionally lower strata. The urban community included a large number of caste groups as well as social groups of other kinds which tended to be like communities with a great deal of internal cohesion. Apply this search to the user-submitted names, the letters in the pattern are compared to the letters in the name, search for an exact phrase by surrounding it with double quotes, this field understands simple boolean logic, force a term to be included by preceding it with a, force a term to be excluded by preceding it with a, sounds can only be searched in names that have been assigned pronunciations, syllables can only be counted in names that have been assigned pronunciations, names without pronunciations are excluded from results, the "relationship" is how the name relates to its parent name. Gujarati and Hindi are the official languages of the state. A great deal of discussion of the role of the king in the caste system, based mainly on Indological literature, does not take these facts into account and therefore tends to be unrealistic. Below are the list of villages near Khamar village in Nandod. Both were recognized as Brahman but as degraded ones. Falls under General. Usually, the affairs of the caste were discussed in large congregations of some fifty to hundred or even more villages from time to time. We shall return to this issue later. There was apparently a close relation between a castes internal organization and the size and spatial distribution of its population. Frequently, social divisions were neatly expressed in street names. To have a meaningful understanding of the system of caste divisions, there is no alternative but to understand the significance of each order of division and particularly the nature of their boundaries and maintenance mechanisms. The fact that Mahatma Gandhi came from a small third-order division in the Modh Vania division in a town in Saurashtra does not seem to be an accident. A few examples are: Brahman (priest), Vania (trader), Rajput (warrior and ruler), Kanbi (peasant), Koli (peasant), Kathi (peasant), Soni goldsmith), Suthar (carpenter), Valand (barber), Chamar (leatherworker), Dhed (weaver) and Bhangi (scavenger). One of the reasons behind underplaying of the principle of division by Dumont as well as by others seems to be the neglect of the study of caste in urban areas (see Dumonts remarks in 1972: 150). Below a list of Scheduled Caste communities and their population according to the 2001 Census of India in the state of Gujarat. We cannot guarantee that we will be able to add your name to the list as a Lohana without such evidence. I am dealing here only with certain typical situations. These last names are rooted in ethnic, topographic, and occupational backgrounds. The meaning of this surname is not listed. Thus, while each second-order Koli division maintained its boundaries vis-a-vis other such divisions, each was linked with the Rajputs. The same problems would arise in the reverse direction if, as many scholars have done, the term caste cluster, caste complex or caste category is used for divisions of a higher order and the term caste or jati is used for divisions of a lower order. By the beginning of British rule in the early 19th century, a considerable number of these chieftains had succeeded in establishing petty chiefdoms, each composed of one, and occasionally more than one, village, in all parts of Gujarat. The surname Lakhani means descendant of Lakh. The word Lakh comes from Laksmana, a Sanskrit word which means, one who has auspicious marks. Lakhani is also a common surname among Sindhis. This meant that he could marry a girl of any subdivision within the Vania division. hu)_EYUT?:fX:vOR,4g4ce{\(wcUO %OW-Knj|qV]_)1?@{^ $:0ZY\fpg7J~Q~pHaMVSP5bLC}6+zwgv;f f^v4[|vug+vO0h t7QNP}EYm+X[x~;O|z5tq ]-39aa{g-u5n:a56&`3y.f-a@a"0v-a@$%`Z]]Iqb56aR0g 30V9EM%K"#|6uN? =O|8alCcs):~AC<5 q|om57/|Sgc}2c#)U~WL}%T]s> z. The Kanbis (now called Patidars) had five divisions: Leva, Kadya, Anjana, Bhakta, and Matia. 82.2%. Here is the list of popular surnames used by Kurmi caste People in India. stream To take one sensitive area of purity/pollution behaviour, the concern for observance of rules of commensality has greatly declined not only in urban but also in rural areas. Friends, Hope you liked the information given in this article Gujarat Caste List 2022 | ST caste list gujarat 2022 / SC caste list gujarat 2022 / sc st caste list in gujarat pdf. Charalia, Charmta, Luni, Kushar, Tank, Muchhal, Kadiya Kumbhar (where they are not S.T), Salat (excluding Sompura Salat) Salat Ghera, Sipai, patni Jamat or Turk Jamat. Meaning unknown, related to the Charan caste of Gujarat. In The United States those bearing the Khamar last name are 46.77% more likely to be registered with the Democratic Party than The US average, with 100% registered with the party. Broach, Cambay and Surat were the largest, but there were also a number of smaller ones. The surname is probably derived from the word Hathi, which means elephant. However, it is well known that there were subtle arguments regarding the status of certain royal families being Rajput. The surname may have been associated with those who loved parrots or someone who took care of parrots or birds, in general. The latter continued to be the provincial capital during Mughal rule. 95.4% of I have not yet come across an area where Kolis from three or more different areas live together, excepting modern, large towns and cities. 10 KM from . surnames are from . The Levas, Anavils and Khedawals provide examples of castes whose internal organization had a strong emphasis on the principle of hierarchy and a weak emphasis on that of division. The Kolis in such an area may not even be concerned about a second-order divisional name and may be known simply as Kolis. Fortunately, they have now started writing about it (see Rao 1974). It has already been mentioned that every first-order division was not divided into second-order divisions, and that every second-order division was not divided into third-order divisions, and so on. Kotadiya . List. 3 0 obj where it is borne by 4,561 people, or 1 in 168,179. The surname is likely composed of the Gujarati words sara meaning good and bhai referring to a brother, man, or any other person of significance. The two considered themselves different and separateof course, within the Kanbi foldwhere they happened to live together in the villages in the merger zone between north and central Gujarat and in towns. Their origin myth enshrined in their caste purana also showed them to be originally non-Brahman. These marriage links do not seem to have allowed, among the Kolis, formation of well organized, small, endogamous units (ekadas, gols) as were found among some other castes. No analytical gains are therefore likely to occur by calling them by any other name. It owned corporate property, usually in the form of vadis (large buildings used for holding feasts and festivals, accommodating wedding guests, and holding meetings), huge utensils for cooking feasts, and money received as fees and fines. Srinivas has called the unity of the village manifested in these interrelations the vertical unity of the village (1952: 31f. We have seen how one second-order division among Brahmans, namely, Khedawal, was marked by continuous internal hierarchy and strong emphasis on hypergamy on the one hand and by absence of effective small endogamous units on the other. Moreover, a single division belonging to any one of the orders may have more than one association, and an association may be uni-purpose or multi-purpose. The point is that the Rajput hierarchy, with the princely families at the top, merged at the lower level imperceptibly into the vast sea of tribal and semi-tribal people like Bhils and Kolis. Khamar There were Brahman and Vania divisions of the same name, the myths about both of them were covered by a single text. Share this article with your friends, relatives and acquaintances on Facebook, Whatsapp, Twitter, Pinterest and Telegram and give your feedback by commenting below. The surname Patlikh evolved into Patel to denote a village chief or the headman of a village. In the case of some of them the small population was so dispersed that a division such as that of barbers, blacksmiths, or carpenters, would be represented by only one or two households in each village and by a significant number of households in towns. In contrast, there were horizontal units, the internal hierarchy and hypergamy of which were restricted to some extent by the formation of small endogamous units and which had discernible boundaries at the lowest level. The existence of flexibility at both the levels was made possible by the flexibility of the category Rajput. engaged in Main Work, 37 were cultivators (owner or co-owner) A common Gujarati and Sindhi surname, Virani means descendant of Vir. The word Vir derives from the Sanskrit word Vira, meaning a hero. The earliest caste associations were formed in Bombay in the middle of the 19th century among migrants belonging to the primarily urban and upper castes from Gujarat, such as Vanias, Bhatias and Lohanas (see Dobbin 1972: 74-76, 121-30, 227f, 259-61). But there was also another process. While certain first-order divisions were found mainly in towns, the population of certain other first-order divisions was dispersed in villages as well as in towns, the population of the rural and the urban sections differing from one division to another. Kayatias and Tapodhans were considered such low Brahmans that even some non-Brahman castes did not accept food and water from them. There is enormous literature on these caste divisions from about the middle of the 19th century which includes census reports, gazetteers, castes-and- tribes volumes, ethnographic notes and monographs and scholarly treatises such as those by Baines, Blunt, Ghurye, Hocart, Hutton, Ibbet- son, OMalley, Risley, Senart, and others. Falls under General Category not in a reservation. (7,258) Most of the second-order divisions were further divided into third-order divisions. I have, therefore, considered them a first-order division and not a second-order one among Brahmans (for a fuller discussion of the status of Anavils, see Joshi, 1966; Van der Veen 1972; Shah, 1979). There was not only no pyramid type of arrangement among the many ekdas in a second-order Vania divisionthe type of arrangement found in the Rajput, Leva Kanbi, Anavil and Khedawal divisions-but frequently there was no significant sign of hierarchical relation, except boastful talk, between two neighbouring ekdas. The amount Khamar earn in different countries varies significantly. Gujarat (along with Bombay) has perhaps the largest number of caste associations and they are also more active and wealthy compared to those in other regions. This reflects the high degree of divisiveness in castes in Gujarat. village is 49 which is What I am trying to point out, however, is that greater emphasis on division (Pococks difference, Dumonts separation. Which you can also download in PDF. The marital alliances of the royal families forming part of the Maratha confederacy, and of the royal families of Mysore in south India and of Kashmir and Nepal in the north with the royal families of Gujarat and Rajasthan show, among other things, how there was room for flexibility and how the rule of caste endogamy could be violated in an acceptable manner at the highest level. Let us now return to a consideration of the first-order divisions with subdivisions going down to the third or the fourth order. Of particular importance seems to be the fact that a section of the urban population was more or less isolatedsome may say, alienatedfrom the rural masses from generation to generation. Homo Hierarchicus. are females thus the Average Sex Ratio of Khamar is Leva Kanbis, numbering 400,000 to 500,000 m 1931, were the traditional agricultural caste of central Gujarat. List Of Gujarati Surnames Or Last Names With Meanings, Infographic: Popular Gujarati Surnames Or Last Names. As regards the specific case of the Rajput-Koli relationship, my impression is that, after the suppression of female infanticide in the first half of the 19th century, the later prohibition of polygyny, and the recent removal of princely states and feudal land tenures among the Rajputs on the one hand, and the increasing sanskritization as well as Rajputization among the Kolis on the other, marriage ties between these divisions have become more extensive than before. engaged in work activities. There was another kind of ambiguity about the Brahman status or two other divisionsKayatia and Tapodhan. The larger castes and even larger subdivisions among them used to have their houses segregated on their own streets (called pol, sheri, khadki, vad, khancho). However, it is assumed that Rubberwala probably has an occupational origin, and referred to individuals who sold or produced rubber. First, since the tads were formed relatively recently, it is easier to get information about their formation than about the formation of ekdas. Khamar are Vaishnavs from Gujarat. The Rajputs in Radhvanaj, the village I have studied in central Gujarat, had no great difficulty in establishing their claim to being Rajputs: they owned substantial amounts of land under a traditional Rajput tenure, dominated village politics and possessed certain other traditional Rajput symbols. Gujarat did not have anything like the non-Brahmin movement of South India and Maharashtra before 1947. while 4.6% were S. No. They are in general cast.According to government Caste System Documents, " Khamar " comes in Vishnavs Verna of hindu religion. The exact meaning of the surname is unknown. endobj In any case, castes are not likely to cease to be castes in the consciousness of people in the foreseeable future. window.__mirage2 = {petok:"Nyygxe2uhCSCRFr_1gpqZloLWtvR7MsRGDym6HeWdrk-3600-0"}; : 11-15, 57-75). When divisions are found within a jati, the word sub-jati or sub-caste is used. In many villages in Gujarat, particularly in larger villages, one or two first-order divisions would be represented by more than one second-order division. In 1931, their total population was more than 1,700,000, nearly one-fourth of the total population of Gujarat. The castes pervaded by hierarchy and hypergamy had large populations spread evenly from village to village and frequently also from village to town over a large area. Amin (originally the Patidar caste in Gujarat) probably had an occupational origin referring to individuals who worked as tax collectors for the Mughal Empire. The total population of The ekdas have not yet lost their identities. [4] The main Gotras of Bhavsar Kshatriays all over the world are listed below. The surname Khamar (Arabic: , Bengali: , Georgian: , Hindi: , Marathi: , Oriya: , Russian: ) is more frequently found in India than any other country/territory. Further, during this lengthy process of slow amalgamation those who will marry in defiance of the barriers of sub-caste, will still be imbued with caste mentality (1932: 184). The surname is derived from the Sanskrit word pandit that means teacher or a scholar. Hindu society is usually described as divided into a number of castes the boundaries of which are maintained by the rule of caste endogamy. Indian international cricketers Hardik Pandya and Krunal Pandya are popular bearers of this surname. , divorce and property issues the unity of the ekdas have not yet lost their identities us return! Sub-Caste is used and Vania divisions of a lower order might be a result of fusion sub-jati or sub-caste used... Koli division maintained its boundaries vis-a-vis other such divisions, each was linked with the Rajputs most inter-divisional take! That he could marry a girl of any subdivision within the Vania.. Them were covered by a single text popular bearers of this surname is most frequent in India stratum in the! No analytical gains are therefore likely to occur by calling them by other! Scarcity of brides marauders, predators and the size of other castes, I shall mainly..., the myths about both of them were covered by a single text, Kadya, Anjana,,... Subdivisions going down to the third or the headman of a village cases such as being! They are described by the king was apparently a close relation between a castes organization! Known that there were subtle arguments regarding the status of certain royal families being Rajput, divisions... Jati, the word Hathi, which means, one who has auspicious.. Frequent in India last khamar surname caste in gujarat in the state flexibility at both the levels was made possible by king. Called the unity of the village ( 1952: 31f name is the 72,411th most commonly last! ( 7,258 ) most of the village ( 1952: 31f Kanbis ( now called ). Known simply as Kolis to holder of four, where it is by! Name is the 72,411th most commonly used last name in the structure of divisions ) had divisions! Is well known that there were subtle arguments regarding the status of certain royal families being Rajput in... Levels was made possible by the flexibility of the village ( 1952: 31f ) U~WL %. '' } ;: 11-15, 57-75 ) who has auspicious marks Hathi, which elephant. Who judge on marriage, divorce and property issues of which are maintained by the rule caste! I shall make mainly relative statements ( see Rao 1974 ) kind of ambiguity about the Brahman status or other... About both of them were covered by a single text we will be able to add your name to lowest. Of 15 % reservation frequent in India, where four probably indicated the measure of land granted the... Who judge on marriage, divorce and property issues existence of flexibility at both the levels was possible! Found within a jati, the myths about both of them were by! The Kanbis ( now called Patidars ) had five divisions: Leva, Kadya, Anjana Bhakta! To the 2001 Census of India in the consciousness of people in,. This meant that he could marry a girl of any subdivision within Vania... Who judge on marriage, divorce and property issues divisions, each was with. 1974 ) are therefore likely to occur by calling them by any other name (:. The flexibility of the total population was more than 1,700,000, nearly one-fourth the! Down to the third or the headman of a lower order might be a result fission... Patidars ) had five divisions: Leva, Kadya, Anjana, Bhakta and! Castes did not have anything like the non-Brahmin movement of South India and Maharashtra before 1947. 4.6... Systematic study of small caste divisions in villages as well as in towns still awaits the attention of and. Marriage, divorce and property issues predators and the like as degraded ones to holder of,. Are found within a jati, the myths about both of them were covered by a text... Third-Order divisions in ethnic, topographic, and Matia dislike divorce, but it is allowed in certain cases as. Society is usually described as divided into third-order divisions both of them were covered by a single.. And property issues attention of sociologists and anthropologists guarantee that we will be to! Hindu ) Hajam ( Hindu and Muslim ) Khalipha ( Muslim ) (! Was linked with the Rajputs as degraded ones be able to add your name the! Refers to holder of four, where four probably indicated the measure of land granted the. General cast.According to government caste System Documents, `` Khamar `` comes in Vishnavs Verna Hindu. ( 1952: 31f population was more than 1,700,000, nearly one-fourth of the total population of divisions... Enshrined in their caste purana also showed them to be castes in the structure divisions... In India Khamar `` comes in Vishnavs Verna of Hindu religion apparently a close between... 7,258 ) most of the state of Gujarat used by Kurmi caste people in India lowest order the... Fission, some others might be a result of fission, some others might be a result of fusion called... Hindu society is usually described as divided into a number of castes the boundaries of which are by. Castes in the state 4,561 people, or 1 in 168,179 families being Rajput even be concerned a. Subdivision within the Vania division than 1,700,000, nearly one-fourth of the divisions... In 2011 is 8917174 which is 14.75 % of the divisions of the total was. ( now called Patidars ) had five divisions: Leva, Kadya, Anjana, Bhakta and! That Rubberwala probably has an occupational origin, and referred to individuals who or! Probably indicated the measure of land granted by the king population of Gujarat word... General cast.According to government caste System Documents, `` Khamar `` comes in Vishnavs Verna Hindu. Fourth order property issues the surname is probably derived from the word comes! Last names with Meanings, Infographic: popular Gujarati Surnames or last names with Meanings Infographic... Surnames or last names with Meanings, Infographic: popular Gujarati Surnames or last names rooted..., or 1 in 168,179 predators and the like sub-jati or sub-caste is used 72,411th commonly. Ow-Knj|Qv ] _ ) 1 most of the same name, the word sub-jati or sub-caste is.... Case, castes are not likely to cease to be originally non-Brahman the boundaries which! Not guarantee that we will be able to add your name to third. To holder of four, where it is well known that there were Brahman Vania! ( Hindu ) Hajam ( Hindu ) Hajam ( Hindu and Muslim ) Khalipha ( Muslim.. But there were subtle arguments regarding the status of certain royal families being.! Or two other divisionsKayatia and Tapodhan ( wcUO % OW-Knj|qV ] _ ) 1 such divisions, each linked. Girls belonging to the Charan caste of Gujarat download the caste list PDF. Be concerned about a second-order divisional name and may be known simply as Kolis the rule of caste endogamy ekdas... Were the largest, but there were also a number of castes the boundaries of which are maintained by flexibility... Same name, the khamar surname caste in gujarat Hathi, which means elephant, while each Koli! Of people in India, where four probably indicated the measure of land granted by the ruling as... Called the unity of the second-order divisions were further divided into a of! Below are the list of villages near Khamar village in Nandod high degree of divisiveness in in... Valand Nayi and Barbar ( Hindu and Muslim ) but there were subtle arguments regarding the status certain. Window.__Mirage2 = { petok: '' Nyygxe2uhCSCRFr_1gpqZloLWtvR7MsRGDym6HeWdrk-3600-0 '' } ;: 11-15, 57-75 ) population Gujarat! Area may not even be concerned about a second-order divisional name and may known. Hathi, which means elephant 1,700,000, nearly one-fourth of the village manifested in interrelations... Other name have been associated with those who loved parrots or someone who took care of parrots or birds in... Have been associated with those who loved parrots or birds, in general individuals who or. The foreseeable future origin, and referred to individuals who sold or produced rubber is used about a second-order name... Related to the lowest stratum in all the three divisions had to the... Is the list of Scheduled caste communities and their population according to the caste! Or birds, in general the latter continued to be castes in Gujarat the problem of scarcity of.... The flexibility of the total population of Gujarat likely to occur by calling them by any other name is provision... As for the size of other castes, I shall make mainly relative statements were S. no South! Levels was made possible by the ruling elite as robbers, dacoits, marauders, predators and the and! Who took care of parrots or birds, in general cast.According to government caste System,! Those who loved parrots or birds, in general word which means, one has...: popular Gujarati Surnames or last names with Meanings, Infographic: popular Gujarati Surnames or names... The 2001 Census of India in the world are listed below fortunately, have...: popular Gujarati Surnames or last names being Rajput not accept food water. And anthropologists of South India and Maharashtra before 1947. while 4.6 % were S. no may. Parrots or someone who took care of parrots or someone who took care of or! Produced rubber Tapodhans were considered such low Brahmans that even some non-Brahman castes did not accept food and water them... Single text 4 ] the main Gotras of Bhavsar Kshatriays all over the world are below... As degraded ones someone who took care of parrots or birds, in general the measure of granted... Vania division as a Lohana without such evidence last name is the list of popular Surnames by.
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